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the opponent's head caught tightly between your legs as above or stretch out both legs resting
slightly on one side of the opponent's body. As in the first hold, lock in tightly with both arms
and keep the same relative positions if your partner moves.
Important points, keep your arms locked in tightly under both the opponent's shoulders
and keep the side of your head pressed tightly down on his chest - not his stomach.
Yoko-shiho-gatame (side four holding)
Get your partner to step forward with his right foot and throw him with the ankle sweep
using your left foot. Your opponent should land horizontally in front of you. From this position
drop instantly down, with your chest bearing down on his. Release your left hand grip and insert
it round his neck catching his collar. Pull in strongly with the left arm so that your left shoulder
comes against the side of his head. Your right arm can hold in a variety of positions. In this case
over the opponent's legs catching his trousers. As in the previous hold, the legs can either be up
close in a kneeling position or stretched out straight. Use whichever is effective or comfortable.
Study the plates for the positions of the head, arms and legs. There are several variations of this
hold but this is the basic one.
Kansetsu-waza (armlocks)
There are two basic ways of applying the armlock. The first against a straight arm, is to
straighten it a bit more against the joint and the second against a bent arm is to bend it against
the natural range of the arm. In effect, this means that the arm can be locked no matter what
position it is in and in fact there are innumerable ways of applying arm locks. I shall describe
just two, illustrating the basic methods. The beginner should remember these two basic ways and
try to put them into practice at every opportunity.
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Ju-ji-gatame (straight arm lock)
This lock has been used with great success in competition. It can be done in various
positions but I will describe the most usual position. Quite often in groundwork your opponent
will end up in the defensive posture as shown with you kneeling close behind him. To apply the
lock, first of all place your left thigh on your opponent's head, at the same time making your
right hand into a ball, push it under the opponent's right arm and then catch your own left arm.
Now swing your left leg over his head and tuck your heel into his neck on the left side.
Your right leg bends with the right foot tucked in under the opponent's body. At the same
time as you swing your left leg over the opponent's head, start to fall back with the opponent's
arm trapped in between your legs. Keeping his arm trapped between your legs start to put on the
pressure by raising your hips off the ground. Carefully transfer your grip to his wrist and in
combination with the raising of the hips pull his arm against the action of the joint until he
submits. To get the right pull against the joint always pull in the direction of the little finger (the
opponent's). Make sure that you trap the opponent's arm tightly between your two legs. Note the
exact position of my legs in the plates.
Ude-garami (entangled arm lock)
It often happens that when you try for the scarf-hold your partner will not let you encircle
his neck. In this case a variation of the scarf hold is taken by holding under the opponent's left
arm. This is a very powerful hold which gives many opportunities for locks and strangles. A
good opportunity for the entangled armlock occurs when the opponent's arms flap about in his
attempts to escape. If he should reach up for your collar let go with your left arm and catch the
opponent's wrist. Push his arm down to the mat and bend it until you can thread your right arm
through and catch your own left wrist.
From this position keep the opponent's arm bent and continue to twist the joint by pushing
his hand down toward the mat and lifting his elbow. Keep twisting until he submits. This lock
can be applied very quickly. Practise it many times until you can get the arm positions right
without having to think which arm goes where.
Shime-waza (strangles)
This method of scoring can be done in two ways. Either by cutting off the opponent's
wind or the blood to his head. Both take only a few seconds to make a man unconscious. I will
describe three methods as actually done in practice.
Okuri-eri-jime (sliding collar lock)
Quite often your opponent will be on all fours in a defensive position. This gives an
excellent opportunity for this strangle. Approach your opponent from the side thrusting your left
hand under his chin catching his right collar deep on the other side. As you do this swing your
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right leg over the opponent's body and roll over to his right side clamping his body tight between
your two legs. As you start to roll over, thrust your right arm under the opponent's right armpit
to catch his left lapel. You should now be as in plate 198. To apply the strangle, pull up sharply
with your left hand against the opponent's throat. At the same time lock the opponent's body
tightly with your legs and pull down with your right hand in the opposite direction to your left
hand. Providing you have inserted your left hand deeply in the opponent's collar, the resulting
leverage against his throat will cause him to submit. It is essential to get the left hand position
as quickly as possible.
Kata-ha-jime (single wing lock)
This lock is applied against the same defensive position as the straight arm lock. In this
strangle, insert your left hand under and round the opponent's head to catch his right side collar
as deep as possible. As you do this thrust your right arm under the opponent's right arm and
down past the back of his head. As you do this, lift his right arm up to apply pressure, pull up
strongly with your left hand and shove your right arm deeper past the opponent's head. The
thickening of your right forearm will gradually force the opponent's head into the lock. Keep the
opponent close to your body and don't give him a chance to unravel his arm right.
Ju-ji-jime (cross strangle)
An excellent opportunity for applying this strangle is when you are sitting astride your
opponent. As quickly as possible thrust both hands down into the opponent's collar as deep as
possible with the thumbs on the inside of his collar. As soon as you have got this deep grip,
throw yourself to the side, clamp your man tightly between your legs and pull his head into your
body. As you pull him in the crossgrip of your arms you should press into the side of his neck
and make him submit. One point to remember is that the opponent even though he is underneath
is in exactly the same position to apply the same strangle back to on you. Therefore try to beat
him to it.
This ends the section on groundwork. I haven't included many techniques however the
ones I have included are the essential ones. The beginner should practise all of them as often as
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